A second core topic of our research addresses the impacts of climate change in marine ecosystems. Example of current work in this area includes quantifying trends in ocean primary productivity. Given that observational records tend to be yet too short to detect long-term changes, we are using space-time modelling as a powerful approach to merge and get the most information out of these very valuable datasets and to quantify uncertainty. The goal is to reduce the detection limit for climate and ecosystem change in both observations and Earth System model simulations.